The 18th century is often associated with the widespread use of wigs, yet these elaborate hairpieces were primarily worn by men during this period. The trend originated in the 17th century when King Louis XIII of France (1610–1643), known for growing his hair long, began to bald prematurely at the age of 23. Courtiers were quick to emulate the fashion, which spread to England during the period of the Restoration of Charles II (the 1660s-80s). As wigs became an essential part of aristocratic and professional dress, distinct styles emerged, signifying social status and occupation. By 1673, the demand for high-quality wigs led to the formation of an independent wigmakers’ guild in France. Over the following century, the profession flourished, and by the late 18th century, the number of master wigmakers in France had more than quadrupled, reflecting the deep entrenchment of wigs in European society.
